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Makerbot Talk @ Ignite, Wednesday 14/April

April 12, 2010 in Uncategorized | 1 comment

Title says it all. For those so inclined, here’s my very late notice that I’ll be talking about Makerbots, Repraps and Thingiverse this Wednesday 14th in the Science Museum. The event starts at 6:30.

Ignite is an event that asks “Enlighten us, but make it quick”. It was started by Bre Pettis and Brady Forrest as a way for local communities to share ideas and raise the “collective IQ”, and is traditionally composed of a little Make contest first, (like “Best Bridge Made of Popsicle Sticks”) followed by a series of five minute talks.

Each talk covers something interesting, smart and geeky. The format is: 15 seconds per slide, automatically advancing, making for a total of 20 slides. The restrictive format encourages creative presentation and a sustained level of energy in the talks.

As I’m discovering all too late, it also makes it pretty hard to make a presentation if you’re used to ad-hoc! But for my next Ignite talk (he says ambitiously) I’ll know to start much earlier.

My working title at the moment is: “Makerbot, RepRap and Thingiverse: Invent, Share, Enjoy, Repeat“. I’ll be releasing the presentation under a Creative Commons by-sa license so people can play around with it and re-use it.

I’m both looking forward to this, and have a trepidation. I’m packing a really dense talk in here, and the 15 seconds/slide thing is going to drive me a little mad. My only requests of fate are:  1) That I don’t get tongue tied mid-sentence. 2) That I don’t simply confuse the hell out of everyone.

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The Makerbot Better Live Mousetrap Challenge

March 2, 2010 in Uncategorized | No comments

So, last night (being about 26 hours ago I think) I posted a challenge to the Makerbot User’s Group, asking for a live mousetrap that I could print, use, and award €25 for. Team Makerbot blogged it, and threw in a teeshirt if the winner was released under an open license, which just makes it all the more cool!

Today, I received 5kg of plastic from Reprapsource.com, so I’m ready to start printing tomorrow.

26 hours after the contest opened, there are at least 5 designs, which run the gamut of possible ways to catch a mouse! It’s gonna be fun. I have to close applications here though, as I only have so much time to print and test them.

As mentioned elsewhere, applications are closed unless you have a design in the works already. Please let me know soon if that’s the case.

Thanks to everyone who submitted a design!

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Microlathe and Accelerating Returns in Rapid Prototyping

January 15, 2010 in Uncategorized | No comments

Rapid Prototyping is addictive. I knew it would be when I bought the Makerbot, but I didn’t know just how much. Since the moderate success of Dremelfuge, I’ve gone a step further into multi-part, assembled devices, and I’m proud of the result.

Microlathe is a Makerbot/Reprap printable Lathe that uses a Dremel for rotary power. I spent a day and a half designing the first draft of it in OpenSCAD, another evening printing the parts, and the minutes I could grab over the last few evenings testing it. The result? It’s fairly hazardous, requires careful balancing, and it works just fine on wood dowelling. So on the whole, a big success!

Here’s a link to a video of me demonstrating Microlathe. It’s taken on my HTC in low light, so the quality is poor; apologies! Microlathe draft two will merit High Definition, I think.

One of the reasons I designed and made Microlathe was because I wanted a free lathe. Another reason was to contribute to a pattern of accelerating returns I’ve become aware of and excited about recently, in the sphere of rapid prototyping.

When you give someone a tool, they can use that tool (within its limitations) to make things. You might reasonably expect someone with an axe and some trees to make fuel, but they could in principal master the art of the axe and use it to create lasting works like furniture or a shelter. It’s just really really hard to do with an axe, is all. A clever artisan might use his axe to make a simple mallet, which would enhance his ability to accurately control the force of the axe blade. He might use these to produce still more useful tools and products. This is an example of accelerating returns; tools making better tools to make better tools faster.

Leap forward, and give someone a rapid prototyping machine. These tools, be they laser cutters or 3D printers, are hugely open ended, and because they use CNC control the user can take his or her time in carefully planning each parameter of the final work before beginning, and even share the result if it works with other users. The essence of “Measure twice, cut once” in carpentry and many other crafts boils down to “If you muck up one step of the way, you’ve ruined the end result”. This reliance on expert skill and patience in creative or constructive arts has probably been one of the biggest barriers to people getting involved in making until recently, and with a CNC machine, it is no longer strictly necessary. This means you don’t have to spend years mastering the art of the axe just to make your mallet, you just need to click “print”.

So with this one starting tool, you can imagine a situation where a person can design/download and assemble a plethora of relatively complex tools in short order given only the cheap feedstock needed to run the Rapid Prototyper. That’s what I’m looking forward to and trying to drive forward, because this accelerating return is going to help push innovation to new heights at a grassroots level.

A Makerbot cost me about €750, all told (Of which €110 was shipping!). A full suite of tools might cost me that much or more, easily, but if they were printable it’d cost me a few extra euro. Probably less than 20. Given enough feedstock, I can even make the structural parts of another printer, and give that to my friend, who can make a fab lab of his own, etc. etc.

Obviously the Makerbot can’t make everything. For example, it can’t make its own heater barrel, which needs to be made out of metal. That task calls for a lathe. And now, you can print one of those. And because it’s open-source and available online, if it doesn’t work right or suit you as-is, you can just improve it.

Someday I’m hoping to see a printable CNC Router and Lathe on Thingiverse, so that I’ll be able to have my computer-controlled robot fablab build me almost anything I can desire or imagine, fast. The first thing I’ll probably make when it’s ready? Another Fab Lab!

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Dremelfuge: It works, and it’s Available

December 29, 2009 in Uncategorized | 6 comments

Long Overdue Update: I’m very proud to say that, some time back, I updated the Dremelfuge design with better tolerances and a better shape to handle tubes. When I tested it (only once so far) at full speed on a dremel with two tubes full of fruit smoothie, it didn’t eject or break the tubes at all.

So there you go, Dremelfuge can now be considered the world’s cheapest midi-ultra-centrifuge, capable of putting about 52,000g on up to six 1.5ml eppendorf tubes. Warning; Lots of risk, don’t use this thing unless you have taken some serious precautions. Try to stay outside the plane of rotation.

Back to the original post:

Since my last post, I’ve been a very busy person.

Dremelfuge is now available for purchase on Shapeways from my shop there. There are two versions, one with an axle for chuck-fitting machines, and another with a bore into which the cutting-disc-holder from a standard dremel can be fitted. Price varies by location, but even at the $65 price which includes shipping to Ireland plus VAT, you could buy a Dremel to match it and still come in under €100 for a functioning centrifuge. I gather the price falls to $55 for American buyers.

Here’s a video of me demonstrating Dremelfuge. I tested it with standard microcentrifuge tubes, and found that it stably spins them anywhere from 5000g to somewhere above 20000g. I say “somewhere above” because the tubes shatterd somewhere between the third speed setting and the fifth on the dremel.
The math shows that the average force on a microcentrifuge tube quickly exceeds that of the commercial centrifuges I use in the lab. They go as high as 14,000g. Dremelfuge plus a Dremel 300 can put over 50,000g on a sample. Except that’s too much for the tubes so they shatter.

One nice bonus is that it seems to be very stable on a Dremel 300; there’s little to no vibration or rattling, even with highly unbalanced loads.

So here I have it: A centrifuge attachment for drills or rotary tools which spins them with even more power than the official thing, and costs a tiny fraction of the price to make and operate. I call that a success by every metric!

Thanks to Makerbot for making this possible in the first place, and my fiancee and family for their patience.

As always, I don’t endorse use of Dremelfuge as anything but an ornament, for reasons of liability.

Update: I’ve tested Dremelfuge in my lab with E.coli cells and HL60 human suspension cells. It pellets both excellently! I’ve already shown it to spin down Miniprep columns, and the math shows it hugely exceeds the power of a standard lab centrifuge when used with a Dremel 300 (€89 in Argos and useful for just about everything else, too).

So that’s it as far as I’m concerned: Dremelfuge is a fully functioning centrifuge. Can’t wait to see it in use on some cool projects!

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DremelFuge, First Go

December 24, 2009 in Uncategorized | No comments

I’ve had on my mind an idea for some time that I’ve wanted to try. Having a Makerbot has enabled me to experiment with mad science on a level I’ve not been able to before, so here it is: DremelFuge, a printable drill/rotary tool attachment that spins microcentrifuge tubes!

I uploaded a quickly mashed-together first draft to Thingiverse, but didn’t have a chance to print it that day as planned because I lost my laptop in town while Christmas shopping. Thankfully, I found the laptop since. Just tonight, I got an email from a friend in Washington telling me DremelFuge had been featured in Makezine, which blows my mind completely. Well, not being content to let it remain unprinted for a moment longer, I set to making it.

It was my hope that I’d be able to put it to immediate use and have something great to add right away, but unfortunately it doesn’t work just yet. However, that’s simply a matter of solving two design mistakes: Firstly, spacing the cavities further apart to increase the strength of the printed object, and secondly providing some means of actually loading the microcentrifuge tubes! Unfortunately as made, the object made no allowance for actually putting the tubes onto the rotor, which of course makes it impractical to use. I aim to fix this as quickly as possible.

Without further ado, the good news: It survived a full-speed test on the best drill we own, which tells me it should survive the rigours of actual use as well!

DremelFuge Speed Test on Powerdrill

More on this as I develop it!

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Ubuntu Karmic; Macbook Bliss at Last

November 20, 2009 in Uncategorized | 2 comments

History of Linux and I

I tried twice previously to switch to Linux, and for a few reasons didn’t end up having any luck.

The first time I did so was around 2005, when I was living out of home for the first time. My room was beautifully minimalist; just a double-bed, a wardrobe, a Shuttle X desktop PC and a 5.1 surround sound system. The wooden floors and old timber beam made it warm and cosy. I decided to top it all off, I should remove all the evil from my digital experience, and ditch Windows.

So, I got a new copy of SUSE Linux and installed it. It worked fairly well, but I had to battle a few nVidia Drivers (Thanks, incompetent nVidia. Just release the source, please? Your money’s on the hardware, so let us support it!), Flatscreen support in the X window system, and ultimately found that once everything was working, there was waay too much command-line use in the day-to-day of using the system. Also, lots of programs wouldn’t run, and gave no reason or even acknowledgement that they’d been clicked on. I got fed up and morosely moved back to banal, ugly, locked-down Windows. For games only of course, I did all my other business on MacOSX, a far superior system in every respect.

Then again, perhaps in 2007, I tried again with Ubuntu. Again, I had to battle nVidia (no, they don’t really move at all as a company!). Again I had issues with a few day-to-day issues, and decided it wasn’t working for me. Thankfully I discovered Linux Mint, which was a big improvement. Linux Mint is Ubuntu plus the things they should include in Ubuntu. Drivers, for one. It had issues of its own, such as a confusion arising when you used the Ubuntu repositories to install things and it developed an identity crisis, but it worked better. Ultimately I just let it slide though, because I used my Mac for everything else and that was good enough for me.

Three Times Charmed: Ubuntu Karmic on Macbook

With those two previous times under my belt, I returned to Linux when I got fed up with two things: Firstly, that Apple had become just as bad as Microsoft for mistreating their own customers and telling them “love it or leave it”. I left it. Secondly, that my Macbook was beginning to show signs of age. I’d bought it in late 2006, and it had 1GB of RAM, a dual-core 2Ghz processor (still very nice!) and only 128GB HD space. Some things were running slowly, and there was a screen-flicker issue that Apple refused to acknowledge as a design flaw, going so far as to lock and delete discussion of the issue on their forums.

It needed an upgrade, and the cheapest way to speed up a PC is to install Linux, so I said I’d give it another go. Ubuntu had just released their new system, Karmic Koala, and there was documentation on getting every single relevant feature of the Macbook running on it, as well as info on Dual-booting MacOSX with it. I figured I’d get new hardware, and once upgraded I’d install Snow Leopard and Karmic Koala together.

I got a dual-boot working on the old Harddrive to test things out, and it worked beautifully. However, when I installed the new Harddrive, Snow Leopard wouldn’t boot from the DVD. Nice one, Apple; this is your fault for using a stupid bootloading system that wasn’t ever installed on non-Apple hardware. Ubuntu, however, booted perfectly. Installed perfectly. Configured perfectly. Following the instructions as written, I found that everything worked without a hitch, and I now find myself equipped with a perfectly functioning laptop with a beautiful desktop environment, speedier than ever with 2.4GB of RAM, and sporting a more satisfying 256GB of Hard Drive space.

I haven’t even bothered looking at installing Snow Leopard now; everything I want works on this. Better, in fact! Let’s take a look at a pleasing case history:

Google Sketchup and WINE – A How-To Example

One of the things I never got working right before, which I found particularly frustrating, was WINE. The “Compatibility Layer” is supposed to make Windows programs work with Linux natively, but my previous efforts to get a response out of WINE hadn’t borne fruit. On Karmic, I just installed it from the Ubuntu Software Centre (I decided to use the latest beta version) and it was right there in the Applications Menu; a virtual C-drive you could install windows apps into. Any file ending in .exe was diverted straight to WINE as well, opening with the normal window appearance of a Linux program with the interior appearance of the native Windows application. Perfect!

I decided my first trial software would be Google Sketchup, because it’s my favourite application for Makerbot modelling. It’s really the only thing I’d need OSX for at this point, and even then it runs terribly on OSX. So, I downloaded Sketchup 7 and did a bit of Googling on how to install it in Ubuntu/WINE.

I must say at this point; the Command-line nature of Linux isn’t gone. However, it is foolproof now, whereas before it’d give you a cryptic middle-finger answer and then sit there uselessly. So far on Ubuntu I haven’t had an issue; mostly because, if something isn’t installed correctly, Ubuntu tells you immediately how to install it. Example: if you were to type “dos2unix skp_to_dxf.rb” (because someone online told you that’d solve your problems!) but “dos2unix” wasn’t installed, Ubuntu would return “type ‘sudo apt-get install dos2unix’ to install”. When you type exactly that and try again, it works. So the Command line, though still around, isn’t that bad, and it’s come to the point where my mum could use Linux without ever seeing a Command line, anyway. I just see them all the time because I’m doing crazy things, I think.

Moving on. I had Sketchup 7 downloaded and an account from 2008 of a guy installing Sketchup 6 on older versions of Ubuntu/WINE before me. Reading through it, he suggested that you can expect Sketchup to crash on the first time you open it, but if you do a little registry hacking afterwards it’d run normally.

I did my homework. You do registry hacking by running ‘wine regedit’ in the Terminal, which brings up exactly the same interface as the normal Windows regedit. You’re advised to back up the two registry files that are found in “/home/yourusername/.wine” first. Do so by typing “nautilus /home/yourusername/.wine/”, which will pop up that folder, and copying them.

My first attempts to open sketchup didn’t get as far as the crash he predicted; the splashscreen that asks you to pick a template crashes first, followed by the google bug detector crashing too. A quick look at the documentation of Sketchup 7 on WINE suggested that you can turn off the Splashscreen by unchecking the “Show on startup” box, but I couldn’t do that without causing a crash, and it didn’t save. Looking again, someone had said that it was crashing due to an internet request gone wrong, but by starting it while offline this wouldn’t happen. So I did, and it didn’t. Unchecking the box, I proceeded into the program itself, which crashed as it was expected to.

Then, I followed the instructions from the 2008 account exactly, and when I reopened Sketchup it worked fine.. better, in fact, than it ever had on MacOSX!

However, it didn’t end there. I looked up the 3rd party .stl output plugin for sketchup, which is an essential tool for anyone but especially for makerbotters who use .stl for exporting files to the robot. Downloading the file, I did what the 2008 account suggested; plugins require a quick conversion between their windows form and a unix form before they’ll work right, so you just do exactly as he suggests (go to terminal, then go to your plugin, type “dos2unix yourpluginname“, install the package as Ubuntu suggests, then try again when it’s done. It works right away.). Once that was done, I just put the file into the plugins folder like one would on Windows, and tested it in sketchup; it worked right away without hassle.

I since put the properly converted Linux skp to dxf/stl plugin on the Makerbot users group, so others don’t have to go to that trouble.

In summary

I love the new Ubuntu, and I finally think I’m on Linux to stay. I’d recommend it to anyone, because although it might sound daunting from my account to a casual user, you won’t actually need to do any of this stuff if you don’t want.

Office applications, Internet, Music and Video, the whole lot, is all freely available through the handy Ubuntu Software Centre and installs with the click of a mouse. I’ve never had a bug.

There’s also loads of free games, including clones of Civilisation and Simcity 2000. Very addictive.

It also has a nice feature Windows or Mac don’t offer; *free* cloud storage built in with desktop synchronisation. So you can drop your files in a special folder and expect them to be online if you find you need them later when you’re away from your personal PC. Very handy! And, shareable with other people or between your PCs.

If you are a power-user though, clearly the new Ubuntu (and the new WINE) is a heady, wonderful thing. You can easily set up and use things with the Command line without feeling like an idiot, and the system finally offers feedback when things don’t work. If it’s a program you haven’t got installed, it’ll tell you how to install it. Networking is beautifully simple at last, in fact it’s easier than it ever was on Windows and it’s on-par with MacOSX. Tethering with my HTC Hero required zero setup; when you activate it on the phone, it detects instantly on the computer and connects.

Finally, if you’re a Makerbotter, it’s a viable option with the inclusion of working Sketchup, ReglicatorG, and Skeinforge. The instructions for installing RepG are clear and easy on the replicator.org website, and Skeinforge runs as it always does on Mac. Just remember to manually drag the contents of the Skeinforge zip file to a visible directory, or it’ll be hidden by default for some reason.

My satisfaction with Ubuntu 9.10 thus imparted, I’ll retire and go to bed. Many thanks to the Ubuntu crew, to the developers of WINE, and to “lewiswadsworth” of SketchUcation.com!

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Makerbot Update – Broke, Fixed, Printing!

November 20, 2009 in Uncategorized | 2 comments

Well, since my last post the Makerbot has been busy!

Busy breaking and requiring troubleshooting and maintenance. But that’s behind us now; I’ve a lot more knowledge of Makerbotting, and a much tougher Plastruder as a result. Many, many thanks to Mark Adams for the replacement part he printed and sent to me!

It Broke

So, I’ll keep it brief. The Makerbot is prone to a failure that occurs when plastic melts too high up in the barrel; this leads to increased friction, but also to some molten plastic being shoved up into the insulator by displacement as the filament forces its way down. This molten ABS hardens in the insulator, causing a tight blockage. The result is that printing requires steadily higher printing temperatures to melt the blockage upstream, which can lead to two potential failures:

1) Your insulator overheats, softens and the heater barrel is forced out by the hefty forces applied to the filament inside. Very bad news, as this usually de-threads the insulator and demands a replacement. Building a plastruder using an M6 nut to take the forces instead of the insulator seems to be a reliable preventative measure.

2) The diverted forces instead cause your insulator retainer (or worse, the lasercut parts above it) to shatter violently.

In my case, it was the retainer piece, a circular piece of acrylic (as given in the kit) that is apparently there to keep the insulator from wobbling away from the filament’s entry point and also to shatter instead of the more important parts above. Thankfully, a printable replacement is available on Thingiverse.

I fixed it and upgraded it

While I awaited the donated replacement part (did I mention I love this community? Fellow Makerbotters rock!), I ordered and installed a proper internal power supply, so the Makerbot is prettier and more mobile. I also was donated a little hose clamp from my Mechanic up the road, which some recommend as both a brace and a heatsink for the insulator. Finally, I rebuilt the plastruder so the circuit board was out-of-the-way, which makes it easier to see what I’m doing.

The end result:

Showing all the Juicy bits of the Plastruder in the Makerbot case

And it prints!

I used a delightfully geeky item for my test print: A Clip-On Reading LED for glasses. It printed quite beautifully, but didn’t fit my glasses (which are usually pretty small-framed). So, I drilled two holes, threaded a tiewrap through and used it as a wedge to fit smaller frames. I plan to put a red LED in there so I can use it for nighttime navigation without losing my nightsight! I just need a battery now.

LED Reading Light with Tiewrap Wedge-Fitting

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Weekend Gadgetry; DIY 3G for iPhone, Makerbot Finally Built

October 12, 2009 in Uncategorized | 4 comments

I spent my weekend doing a lot of geeky stuff. The two high achievers were: 1) Getting my iPhone to have always-on internet despite not having a Data Plan (kinda), and 2) Getting my Makerbot working at last, and making a few test prints.

Firstly, I’ll reveal my ingenious hack for the iPhone. Actually, it’s pretty simple, and possibly already done elsewhere. Anyway.

Personal Area Network Hack

If you have a mobile broadband modem for your computer, and you’re using a Mac, follow these instructions and you’ll have yourself a personal Wifi network for use with your smartphone, book reader or other-laptop in less than a minute, with only one free install.

1) Download InsomniaX for your mac. Because Apple can be idiotic sometimes quite often about permitting Users to do what they like with the hardware they fairly purchase, there’s no inbuilt feature to prevent the laptop from sleeping when you close the lid. This app allows you to toggle on/off this feature. Necessary to go wandering around with your hacked wifi PAN.

2) Fire up your Mobile Broadband, ideally using a USB extension cable so the Modem isn’t poking out the side of your computer so much.

3) Go to your Wifi bar at the top of the screen, click it, and choose “Create Network…”. Using default settings (Channel 11/Automatic) and a name of your choice should do. No spaces here, please.

4) Go to your System Preferences from the Apple Menu in the top right. Choose “Sharing”. From the list of options on the left, choose “Internet Sharing”. In the dropdown menu for “Share your connection from:” choose your Broadband connection/modem/device, then select Airport in the menu below. And optionally Ethernet or whatever if you need other options. Then simply check the box next to “Internet Sharing” on the left, and click “Start” when it asks you if you’re sure.

5) Connect your mobile device to your new network, and let it self-assign IP and settings. It should be able to connect once it’s adjusted. Now, you should be able to close the lid on your laptop without interrupting this networking, and put the laptop + modem-on-cable into your bag like so:

My Macbook with Huawei modem on a USB cable; the blue light indicates 3G/HSPA.

My Macbook with Huawei modem on a USB cable; the blue light indicates 3G/HSPA.

Proceed to enjoy your new personal Wifi network! It’ll last as long as your battery does, which for my macbook is pretty formiddable. I imagine if you do something similar with a decent netbook you’d get a good 5hrs out of this with the screen/HDD disabled.

Something to watch out for: make sure your computer’s heat vents are pointing up/out of the bag, or it might overheat. With modern processors, this usually means it just shuts down without warning or saving anything, but it’s best not to let it get to this stage in case it leads to damage/deterioration.

Don’t come crying to me if your bag catches fire, either.

Makerbot #147 Online

In other news, on the same day I got my makerbot working after ages building and troubleshooting it! I had some great help from the good folk of the makerbot google group.

First thing was to troubleshoot the settings for the Plastruder. Here, it's making a raft successfully, though it later failed on the infill for the model because the heat setting was too low.

First thing was to troubleshoot the settings for the Plastruder. Here, it's making a raft successfully, though it later failed on the infill for the model because the heat setting was too low.

First build was a standard 608 Pulley, the same model used to make the pulleys that ship with the machine itself. They’re a good test, a simple model, and convenient to have as spares in case yours somehow break. If the shipping of 30+ pulleys works out favourably for you, the Makerbot crew are even offering $1 per pulley printed for them, because they’re having trouble producing enough for their kits! Very cool idea.

Left: Freshly printed pulley. Right, the one that shipped with the 'bot.

Left: Freshly printed pulley. Right, the one that shipped with the 'bot.

As expected, once the machine was online I had a few little teething issues that largely were due to software issues.

My initial problem (which was a long hangup) was with the ceramic insulator you’re supposed to put around the barrel of the extruder. Turns out it can allow the plastic to melt way too much, such that it blocks the plastruder. Your extruder cog-drive then chews a notch in the filament and can’t push it further, so the whole thing effectively stops. Removing the ceramic fixed the problem.

The next problem was with the temperatures being too low when the machine tried to fill in the layers of a model, so a similar build failure would occur halfway into the first layer. Some settings fixed in skeinforge solved this; all your temperatures should be at least the melting temperature of the plastic.

Finally, although the ceramic wrap caused much grief, its absence means the machine is highly unreliable near draughts or gusts of cold air. The barrel can cool below the melting temperature pretty quickly, and you get a build fail.

With those problems solved, I’ve so far printed two pulleys, a mis-sized beltclip of my design, and half of a belt-clip insert for hanging pippettes from one’s belt through said belt-clip. I am proud of my geeky weekender. Much was achieved!

My only hangup; someone with knowledge of Python would be much loved if they would rewrite Skeinforge to have a more self-explanatory interface. I mean, the barebones box-and-button interface is fine; what the hell do all those settings mean? Many thanks nonetheless to the Reprap crew for making the tool. It’s evil, but very useful.

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